project management sytems engineering electrical engineering consulting

LUDWIG JAFFÉ E-Mail: Ludwig.Jaffe@gmail.com Phone: +49 160 333 999 8 (Germany) Phone +972 54 5885998 (Israel) Curriculum Vitae Personal Data Date of birth 09/14/1972 Place of birth Munich Nationality German Work permit EU (German Citizen), Israel Education 01.10.2002 - 14.03.2006 Studies of Systems Engineering at University of applied science Munich, Germany Degree: Master of Systems Engineering October 1996 - September 1999 Studies of Electrical Engineering with specialization in automation and control at University of cooperative education in Ravensburg Degree: Dipl.-Ing. (BA) October 1994 -October 1996 Studies of electrical engineering at University Ulm, BW, Germany 1984-1993 Secondary School „Fichtegymnasium“ in Krefeld, NRW, Germany Exam: Abitur /Allgemeine Hochschulreife 1979-1984 Primary School „Gemeinschaftsgrundschule Bismarckstrasse“ in Krefeld, NRW, Germany Certifications PRINCE 2 Practitioner in Project Management (GR657068060LJ) PRINCE 2 Foundation Certificate in Project Management (GR656147904LJ) ITIL Foundation, ITIL4 Edition (GR671169016LJ) Agile Scrum Master (6336372.20797637) Agile Scrum Foundation (6336372.20793236) LPIC-1 (lpi.org/v/LPI000214128/674ebhcn3a) BMW internal driving license B1 (driver training) Know How and Experiences systems engineering : System development, system modeling, simulation of systems, partitioning of distributed systems, V-Model, systems engineering methodology : project management Specifications, multi project management, risc management, resource and capacity planing, project control, decision methods, Networks of influence (Vernetztes Denken by F. Vester) Tools: Primavera, MS-Project, Timeline, Expertchoice Methods: Gantt, Pert, CPM, MPM, trend analysis, ... Process management: Re-Engineering of Business Processes Analysis of process compliance according. to CMMI, SPICE (ISO15504), others Modeling in ARIS, IBO-Prometheus and GRADE, BPMN Interviews to gather actual process Analysis and optimization of Business Processes, Roll-Out support Hardware Development: EMC oriented Design,safety electronics, High aviable Systems, hot / cold redundancy reliabiliy, FMEA, FTA signal integrity, EMC, hierachical design, cost centered design, manufactureability, test and verification Digital Electronics: High-Speed Digital Design, Processor architectures: Intel x86, Sparc, PowerPC,ARM, misc. Microcontrollers (8051, Z80, 6502, AVR, NXP MRKII, PIC, MSP430, .. ) , DSPs Programable Logic (FPGA, CPLD) of vendors xilinx, lattice, altera, microsemi. Languages Verilog, VHDL, ABEL Analog Electronics: Measurement amplifiers, filters, sensors, actors, A/D & D/A-Converters, Software-Defined-Radio, RF-Technology, Power management, power electronics, switch mode power supply Automatic Control: Analog and digital Control, Fuzzy Control Programing Languages: C (gcc, Keil, Visual Studio), Pascal (Turbopascal, freepascal, Lazarus), Assembler, Perl, Python, Tcl/Tk, UNIX-Shell, BASIC, Fortran (gnu compiler) Operating Systems: Linux, OpenBSD, Solaris 8/9, WINDOWS NT, 2000, XP, 2003 Server, WINDOWS 9x, DOS, CP/M Datea bases: SQL (Postgress, MySQL), DBASE Networks/ Communication: TCP/IP, ISDN, HDLC Software/ Methods /Tools / ARIS, GRADE,IBO-Prometheus, UML, Cadence Concept HDL (PE14.0) (Schematic Entry), Cadence Concept (97A) (Schematic Entry), Cadence Allegro (Layout), Altium Designer, Protel, ORCAD, EAGLE, KEIL-Compiler, ASCET, INCA, MATLAB, SIMULINK, Vissim MS-Office, Libreoffice, MS-Project, Primavera, Timeline, Expertchoice, Adobe Frame-Maker, Adobe-Acrobat, Gimp, Xfig, Eclipse, Lauterbach Trace32, GnuDebugger, GnuDebugger, DDD, Jenkins, yocto, bitbake, buildroot, openwrt, uboot, gentoo, eclipse, pycharm Measurement Technology: logic analyzer, Oscilloscopes (digital & analog), spectrum analyzer, Receiver, EMC measurements, signal generators, IEEE488-Control, voltage controlled analog measurements, temperature measurements, thermal imagers, infrared imagers, visible light imagers, UV imagers, misc. sensors. Building of Prototypes: SMD soldering using microscope, trouble-shooting, measurement, metal work. SAP SAP R/3 MM. Fields of work: Specifiation, architecture, project management, systems-engineering, strategic planing, embedded software development, hardware development (analog and digital), product development, quality management, System- and Network administration Employments and Freelance Projects 03/2023 – 07/2023 System architecture and feasibility study of hot-redundant distributed automotive computer system for level-5 autonomous driving, as well as architecture of a communication unit "TCU" which enables multiple redundant internet connections via 5G, as well as diversity broadcast reception (FM, LW, MW, SW, DAB) and WLAN for the passengers of the vehicle. Technologies: GSML2, CSI2, FPGA video sharing solution, PCI Express switches with address translation, Infiniband RDMA, 10Gbit Ethernet switches, Mac security, Nvidia Orin Drive, virtualization on 64Bit ARM SOCs, functional security according to ISO26262, Software Defined Radio 05/2022 - 11/2022 Employed as scientist in computer science for development and operation of small HA cluster using Proxmox-Linux to serve lecture environments. Technologies: Proxmox, Softswitch, Mellanox 40GBit/s Ethernet boards with fiber DAC cables, guacamole, VDI, FusionDirectory, OpenLDAP, Asus Servers with AMD Epyc 7763 (Zen3), NVME SSD, pci express Gen 4 switch 12/2020 - 04/2022 Employed as Systems Development Engineer for electrical two wheelers for the lower price segments in Asia. Tasks: technical lead in the area of systems concepts and development, supplier management, research, development of ECUs. In house consulting on E/E and systems engineering, development methodology, V-Model. CMMI 04/2020 – 08/2020 Break to get trained and certified in PRINCE2, SCRUM and ITIL 01/2020 – 03/2020 Project: Continued development of an Internet of Things device to save energy until it is ready for the market. Tools: Debian Linux, Libre-Office, Gantt-Project, KICad, LT-Spice, Oszilloscope, Software-Defined-Radio Transceiver, Spectrum-Analyzer. 10/2019 – 12/2019 Project: Debuggung of a Linux based Router-Fimware in order to locate the problem of wrongly encrypted IPSEC traffic. Tools: Mercurical, Debian Linux, gdb, Traffic-Generator, OpenWrt-Router with VLAN-Switch, tcpdump Wireshark, for traffic recording and analysis Libre-Office for documentation. 07/2019 – 09/2019 Part time project: Development of a n Internet-of-Things-Device for energy saving. Tools: Debian Linux, Libre-Office, Gantt-Project, KICad, LT-Spice, Oszilloscope, Software-Defined-Radio Transceiver, Spectrum-Analyzer. 02/2019 – 06/2019 Head of Hardware Development (manufacturer of measurement systems), Responsibilities: Disciplinary and professional leadership of 7 employees in the department Hardware Development. Coordinate product development with departments of physical engineering and application software. Tools: MS-Office, special project management software, Libre-Office, GanttProject, KICad, EAGLE, LT-Spice, Oscilloscope, Clamp Meters, Digital Multimeter. 07/2018 – 02/2019 Part time project: Evaluation of various open-source document management solutions and older scanner systems to set up various scanning services. Tools: Debian Linux, sane, tesseract-ocr, samba, Python, C ++, Gui with Qt on Linux 07/2018 – 08/2018 Development of real-time software for STM32F4 (ARM-Cortex M4 Core) for multi axis motor control using an ASIC made by Trinamic. Tools: Atollic Studio, STM32CubeMX 11/2017 – 06/2018 From the findings of the previous project, it became interesting to design a highly secure appliance for HIP (Host Identity Protocol), and to develop a concept study. Tasks: Analysis of public documents available covering HIP, development of a concept for a HIP-appliance, based on OpenBSD and back door free x86 hardware. Prototype build. Tools: Linux, QubesOS, OpenBSD Plattform: OpenBSD 11/2016 –09/ 2017 Architect / Development of an Architecture for reliable mobile communication to be used for passenger information and remote sensing in trains. Tasks: Analyze requirements and existing IT-systems. Develop network connectivity concept that allows for connectivity under difficult conditions of moving trains in areas with bad radio coverage using a multitude of radio modems to cover different providers (HIP, multi homing, mobility), Internet of Things, MQTT, IPSec Tools: MS-Office, Gimp, Linux, QubesOS, OpenWRT, Amazon AWS, git 07/2016 – 10/2016 Application development of customer specific business software. Tasks: Analyze requirements and existing IT-systems. Develop database driven applicationss in Oracle PL/SQL, Visual Basic, Visual C++, Python Tools: Oracle virtual box, Toad for Oracle, Visual Studio, Pycharm 11/2015 – 03/2016 Employed at Start-up as Research Engineer Tasks: Analyze and improve distributed IT-systems based on Amazon Cloud services, Linux, OpenWRT and Automation products. Program custom software in Python, C Tools: RS485-Analyzer, Kali-Linux, cygwin, OpenWRT, Lab-Equipment, vi, emacs, gcc, make, gdb, ddd, pycharm 06/2015 – 10/2015 Part-time project of developing an electric bike drive using a brush less DC motor, Tasks: Analyze requirements, set up experimental environment for development of motor controller. Tools: Kicad, Lab-Equipment (mechanical and electric) 03/2015 – 05/2015 Freelance Consultant for BMW. Tasks: Evaluate wireless communication concepts (reliability and performance) for wireless charging of electric vehicles. Tools: OpenWRT (build environment, system), Iperf, custom build kernel for 6loPAN and Bluetooth LE, Android-Tablets, Kali-Linux, MS-Office, Adobe Acrobat, cygwin, Spectrum Analyzer 11/2014 – 01/2015 Freelance Consultant for 1st tier automotive supplier. Tasks: Requirements Management, technical clarification with Automotive OEM, systems-engineering. Identification of impact of functional safety. Tools: DOORS, MS-Office, Adobe Acrobat, cygwin 06/2014 – 09/2014 Development of a controller for brush less DC motors using a XMC4500 (arm based) processor from Infineon, to operate a brush less DC bike motor. Tasks: Analyze requirements of advanced bicycle drive using 2 quadrant FOC, program field oriented control for bicycle motor in C using DAVE-IDE, develop hardware to control bicycle motor using KICAD, build prototype board and integrate system Tools: Kicad, Infineon-DAVE (eclipse based IDE) 05/2014 – 06/2014 Freelance Consultant for motor control systems. Tasks: Consulting and support client with software architecture and specification for a new developed embedded motor control platform (uses infineon xmc4500). Tasks: Writing specifications for software modules, consult about testing procedures, scale object oriented architecture against plain C, code efficiency with RTOS uc/osII, analysis and optimization of development processes (CMMI), leading 3rd party for software implementation. Tools: MS-Office, uCOS II, IAR, Eclipse, Eclipse Keppler, Eclipse Requirements Modeling Framework 04/2014 – 05/2014 Freelance Consultant for Battery Management Systems Tasks: Consult Client about cell leveling and charging methodology of Lithium Ion Cells in 400Ah range. Development of functional safety concept based on redundant self monitoring Hardware. The safety system is SIL4 according to ISO61508. In order to prevent catastrophic explosion or fire caused by big Lithium-Ion cells. Writing and reviewing documents, specifications and architectural proposals. Jan 2014 – Mar 2014 Employed as CTO in a small start-up company IT/Advertisement-Company Employed Tasks: administration of Linux, OpenBSD, FreeBSD machines, and administration of virtualization servers using Citrix XenServer, development of small electronic boards, development of system solutions for remote control of vending machines Tools: Linux, XenServer, wireshark, Kicad, C/C++, Java, Python, BashScript 12/2013 – 12/2013 Employed as UNIX and network (cisco, linux) administrator Employed Tasks: administration of Linux, OpenBSD, FreeBSD, Solaris machines, and cisco switches and administration of virtualization servers using VMWare Vsphere and Citrix XenServer. Tools: shell, Vsphere, XenServer, Jira, wireshark Dec 2013 – Dec 2013 part-time freelance project in programing an MITT-Transport interface in C for Linux. IT-Company Freelance Tasks: analyze requirements, implement MQTT-payload to IP socket converter in C for Linux. Tools: gcc, make, vi, gdb, wireshark 09/2013 – 11/2013 Part-time freelance project in consulting about PLC communication in the area of smart metering Tasks: checking documents and standards of PRIME, G3-PLC, P1901.2 Tools: MS-OFFICE, libreoffice, Gimp, Adobe Acrobat 05/2013 – 08/2013 Consulting, Trouble-Shooting as Resident Engineer for Tier1-Supplier for an automotive vision system (Lane departure warning, automatic braking, lane and sign recognition) at Audi Automotive supplier Temp. Employment at service provider company. Tasks: measurements at CAN bus, and trouble shooting to locate root cause of problems in complex vehicle system, mounting and calibration of cameras, attend test drives, evaluate effects on other system and functional safety according to ISO26262. Tools: Mobile-Eye Toolkit, Vector CANanlyzer. 04/2013 – 05/2013 Reverse engineering of embedded control system for industrial plasma generator. Gain access to parameter sets and recorded data Freelance Project Tasks: consulting for methodology, tooling, identify components and reverse engineer circuitry as far as needed, gain access to device communication Tools: multi meter, Flash-Programmer, SPI-Tool, RS485-Interface, Linux, 68HC11 simulator THRSIM11. hexeditor, Serial sniffer, Debian Linux, Raspery Pi board with raspian. 04/2012 – 09/2012 Consulting, Trouble-Shooting as Resident Engineer for Tier1-Supplier for an keyless entry project at BMW Automotive supplier Freelance project Tasks: consulting for improvements of radio key circuits, tool improvement, trouble-shooting, product improvements, RF-measurements, telegram measurements, side channel analysis of key, NXP MRKII assembler code review, trouble shooting, Evaluate security of system. Tools: self developed comparator amplifier for differential power analysis, digital-oscilloscope, CANoe, spectrum analyzer, protocol receiver build from atmel rf-evaluation boards 01/2012 – 02/2012 Employment as project manager and analyst Employed Tasks: Requirements analysis, public bids, writing of technical concepts, project management of public transport project public transport ticketing and erp system 07/2011 – 12/2011 Consulting, trouble shooting and technical improvement of inverter for hybrid electric car Liebherr Elektronik GmbH Freelance project Tasks: consulting for FPGA programming (VHDL), optimization and debugging of schematics trouble shooting, repairing prototypes, high voltage tests, temperature measurements, vibration measurements, integration of test system Set-up and operation of test stand for electrical machine and inverter, forensic analysis of defects and root cause analysis. Evaluate functional safety of protection functions according to ISO26262. Tools: current clamps, digital oscilloscope, CANalyzer, CANape, Libero (FPGA-Proasic3 Actel), Xilinx ISE (Xilinx Spartan 3A loaded by DSP), Codeworrior (TI-DSP 2xxx), Lauterbach Debugger ICD, Lauterbach Trace32, PAC-Designer (Lattice power manager ISPac), Diamond (Lattice), OpenFTA, high power high voltage supply, insulation tester, high voltage safety 03/2011 – 05/2011 consulting test development for rfid chipcards acc. ISO14443 Giesecke & Devrient (chipcard company) Freelance project Tasks: consulting about special active modulation techniques that enhance range and are compatible with ISO14443 readers, optimization of 13.56MHZ antennas, development of automated tests in java using G&D IFDSIM Tools: chip card reader CLT-One, digital oscilloscope, network analyzer, Eclipse, IFDSIM, open source and G&D proprietary libraries in Java 11/2010 – 12/2010 consulting regarding systems architecture and requirements of high voltage system and safety requirements for emergency switches for electrical vehicle Drexlmayr (Automotive supplier) Freelance project Tasks: consulting regarding methods of requirements engineering and demands by ISO26262, Writing of requirements lists and analysis of impact, coordination Tools: MS-Office 08/2010 – 10/2010 Project management for development of military 4m radio system Thales, Pforzheim Freelance project Tasks: Lead and coordination of project team, tracking milestones and costs,plan dependencies with other projects and blocked resources, check configuration items, results, reports, support and consulting for trouble shooting, coordination Tools: MS-project, MS-Office, Doxygen (check software structure and documentation), Doors (check requirements and documentation) Project has been canceled because of political changes at far east customer. 04/2010 – 06/2010 Development of reliable firmware for micro controller development tool containing MSP430 Texas Instruments Freelance project Tasks: Development of firmware in C with special safety functions to communicate to host via usb, and ensure the device is always bootable state under all circumstances of firmware upgrade and other failures. Debugging using JTAG, oscilloscope Programming language: C Processor: MSP430 Tools: IAR, JTAG debugger, mixed-signal oscilloscope (protocol debugging) 11/2009 – 02/2010 Employment at Annax Information Systems (equipment for public transport) as systems engineer Employed Tasks: Consulting, Requirements management, public bids Functional safety acc. to ISO61508, consulting regarding ISO 1558 Writing of technical concepts, specifications Software development in c,c++ for Linux and windows. 09/2009 – 10/2009 Freelance: Development of distributed simulation software to visualize and test complex character based display systems in the area of passenger information Customer: Annax Information Systems GmbH Tasks: Analysis of micro controller software used in displays, refactoring of monster loop based approach to thread based state machine based approach integration of the code into TCP based simulation system, writing of GUI, test and integration Programming language: C, C++ Target: Windows (Gui MFC), Windows/Unix (data server) Processor: x86 Tools: Eclipse (UML, development environment), Visual Studio (for MFC GUI), gcc, gdb (for server), Wireshark (Network test), Logik-Analyzer (Analysis of RS485 states) 08/2009 – 09/2009 Freelance: Consulting about embedded computer architectures for bid project „passport reader“ Customer: Rode & Schwarz Tasks: Requirements analysis, concept development, SystemsEngineering, cost estimation, negotiations with prospective suppliers 06/2009 – 07/2009 Freelance: Development of distributed maximum power point charger system for island supply of mountain huts. (Own project) Tasks: Requirements analysis, concept development, prototype development. Systems-Engineering, HW development, power electronics (DC-DC-converter buck/boost cuck-type), HW-Development, SW-development in C for MSP430, development of rs485 based field bus for control 06/2008 – 02/2009 Freelance: Development of DSP-Software for optical Instrument to measure security features of bank notes. Customer: Bundesdruckerei GmbH (value print) Tasks: Analysis, and documentation of legacy software, introduction of new methods and tools, addition of functions, writing drivers and embedded OS. Improvement of measurement hardware Programming language: C. Processor: Motorola DSP-56F807 Tools: Vmware, Codeworrior, Doxygen, Cygwin, oscilloscope, logic analyzer 08/2007 – 12/2007 Freelance: Development of embedded firmware for industrial HMI Customer: Trupf Group Tasks: Requirements analysis, systems engineering, Processor: Infineon C167; Tools: Keil-C, Easy-Code (was required by customer), Doxygen 03/2007 – 07/2007 Development of technical concept for product SAR „Drone“ (Development Project) Tasks: Requirements analysis, systems engineering, HW-development of motor drives, hw development of redundant computers (flight controllers), HW development mission system. SW-development for sub systems. Not finished. 10/2006 – 01/2007 Development of „Communication Box“ (Own Product, discontinued) Tasks: Requirements analysis, concept development, software development Tools: Linux-Kernel, vi, make, phyton, perl, gcc, OpenOffice. Resultat: prototype of linux based ISDN-PBX, thas is used by some people 08/2006 – 09/2006 Freelance: Concept and development of embedded computer system for airport displays Customer: Vossloh IT, Karlsfeld (Train equipment supplier) Tasks: Requirements analysis, concept development, development and test of prototypes. Result was a prototype of a passive cooled (special cooling concept) 1,7GHz Intel Core2-Computer to present HDTV-Spots, which is equipped with WLAN and UMTS for feed, and was capable to work at 50 °C under full CPU-load. 02/2006 – 07/2006 Freelance: Concept and development of embedded computer system for passenger information at train stations Customer: Vossloh IT, Karlsfeld (Train supplier) Tasks: Requirements analysis, Development of concepts, development and test of prototypes, development of test software, Setup of an adapted embedded Linux distribution, write kernel module for GPIO-board. Office-Tools: MS-Project, MS-Office, Gimp, Measurement of temperatures and signals using climate chamber and measurement fixtures 07/2005 – 02/2006 Freelance: Development of „HSM-Box“ und „Kernel-AcceleratorDevice“ (Product for own use) Development of universal FPGA-Platform to accelerate Linux Kernel (KAD) and a key storage sytstem (HSM-Box) Tasks: Concept and specification of open development platform for FPGA based systems, Concept of cheap FPGA-based secure secret storage system (system concept, HW-development, VHDL-coding) Office-Tools: Open-Office, Gimp EDA-Tools: Xilinx-ISE, Altera Quartus, gEDA Talks: „The Kernel Accelerator Device“ 02/2005 – 05/2005 Freelance: Project management and consulting for Development of embedded system to upgrade ICE1 trains with new passenger information system and reservation displays (Management of hardware part of project) Customer: Vossloh IT, Karlsfeld (railway electronics) Tasks: Requirements analysis, feasibility analysis, development of technical concepts, development and test of prototypes, development of test software, provide support and inputs for mechanical designers, negotiations with suppliers in Taiwan, ROC. Office-Tools: MS-Project, MS-Office, OpenOffice, Gimp 11/2004 – 12/2004 Freelance: consulting in the field of software logistic concepts Client: BMW Tasks: Requirements analysis, development of concepts, participation in comitees Tools: MS-Office, Visio 08/2004 – 10/2004 Freelance: Development of concepts for embedded computers (concept development, specification writing) Freelance Project for Vossloh IT, Karlsfeld (Supplier of train equipment) Tasks: conceptual development of embedded computers architectures, writing specs and bid-documents Tools: MS-Office, MS-Visio 05/2003 – 05/2004 BMW AG Munich: Masters Thesis „Analyse und Optimierung des Änderungsprozesses bei der BMW Fahrzeugelektronik- und Software-Entwicklung“ (Process analysis and improvement at R&D of car electrics, electronics and software) Grade of Masters Thesis: 1.0 Tasks: Analysis and improvement of software-logistics (configuration management / change management & integration) processes at BMW Acquisition of actual processes, analysis and identification of improvements, development of process improvements, design of new business processes according to CMMI. Tools: modeling in ARIS, GRADE 04/2000 – 04/2002 Force Computers GmbH: Employment Hardware Engineer in Board-Business-Unit Tasks: Development, Debugging, new product introduction of computer boards with Intel x86, PowerPC, Sparc processors for telecom applications. HW development (about 100 pages schematics, 16 Layers, 2 impedance controlled, VHDL und Verilog coding for 4000 series Xilinx-FPGAs) Tools: Framemaker, MS-Office EDA-Tools: Cadence Concept HDL (PE14), Concept (97A) Cadence Allegro, Synopsys Design Compiler, Cadence Verilog-XL, Solaris, Agilent logic analyzer, digital osciloscope Tools new product introduction: SAP/R3, Unix-Scripts Project management using MS-project Team: 1 Hardware-Engineer, 1 Software-Engineer, 2 Test engineers Position: hw development engineer 10/1999 – 04/2000 Kontron embedded computers AG: Employment Development Engineer in Board level development department Tasks: Hardware development, hardware oriented software development, power management Development of power management for industrial notebook computer Tools: Orcad, Pspice, Excel-Sheets, self written c-programs, Keil-IDE for 8051 Team: (1 Mechanical Engineer, 1 Hardware-Engineer, 1 Software Engineer) Job: Hardware development engineer 09/1996 – 10/1999 Mayser GmbH & Co. KG: Internship for Practical part of studies at University of cooperative education Ravensburg Tasks: Development of micro controller- and logic based controllers, development of safety electronics, development of PLC software Tools: EAGLE, Pspice, Step-5-programmer, Z80-emulator Job: electronics developer Attended Seminars Time-Management English (Berlitz-Seminars, Unicert3), Power-PC Architektur Software-Defined-Radio (Analog Devices) Identity Management with Omada Führung im Mittelstand PRINCE2 Foundation, Practitioner, Agile Exin Agile Scrum Master, Agile Product-Owner, Scrum Foundation ITILv4 Foundation, Practitioner Languages -English fluently written and orally: Certificates: Unizert 3, Berlitz Level 8 -German :(Mother tounge) Driving licenses Classes A, BE, CE, C1E, MSLT; BMW Internal driver training B1 Hobbies, sports, special interests Sports Sailing, climbing, hiking Hobbies Open-Source, Linux, BSD, vehicles, ham radio (license: DL1EHU), Making Special interests Economy, science, inventions Date: 04/08/23